Though their job is in some ways similar to business clerks and administrators, medical billers and coders require their own specific sub-set of knowledge to succeed. Medical billers, coders, and other health information technicians usually enter the field with an associates degree and possibly a certification.

Classes in medical terminology, anatomy and physiology are required for medical coders. Many schools offer specific classes for medical billing. Many employers require their medical coders to be certified as Registered Health Information Technicians, which requires a two-year associates degree and passing a written examination. Medical transcription requires a completion of a one year certificate program or two year associates degree. In addition to classes on medical terminology, these programs requires English and grammar classes.

With experience and certification, senior coders may become directors of medical records departments at smaller facilities, while coders are usually required to have a bachelor’s degree at larger hospitals. Similarly, medical billers might advance to managerial positions with the proper education and experience.